Home Automation Project

WHAT IS HOME AUTOMATION:

Home automation is part of "The Internet of Things," also known as IoT. The way electronics devices and appliances can be networked together to provide us with seamless control over all aspects of our home and more. By using this technology we can easily operate all the home appliances and can save power consumption.As we can Operate it Through our Smartphone so it called as smart automation.

INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT):

Before we know about Home Automation, we must know about what is Iot,

The Internet of Things refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems such as Sensors and Actuators.

ELEMENTS REQUIRED FOR HOME-AUTOMATION:

·        Arduino UNO

·        HC – 05 Bluetooth Module

·        10 KΩ Resistor

·        20 KΩ Resistor

·        1 KΩ Resistor X 4

·        2N2222 NPN Transistor X 4

·        1N4007 Diode X 4

·        12 V Relay X 4

·        Prototyping board (Bread board)

·        Connecting wires

·        12 V Power supply

·        Smartphone or tablet (Bluetooth enabled)

WHAT IS AURDINO UNO:

Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.

• Arduino can be used to communicate with a computer, another Arduino board or other microcontrollers.

•  The ATmega328P microcontroller provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication which can be done using digital pin 0 (Rx) and digital pin 1 (Tx). An ATmega16U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USB and appears as a virtual com port to software on the computer.

•  The ATmega16U2 firmware uses the standard USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, on Windows, a .inf file is required. The Arduino software includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to be sent to and from the Arduino board.

•  There are two RX and TX LEDs on the arduino board which will flash when data is being transmitted via the USB-to-serial chip and USB connection to the computer (not for serial communication on pins 0 and 1).

• A SoftwareSerial library allows for serial communication on any of the Uno's digital pins. The ATmega328P also supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The Arduino software includes a Wire library to simplify use of the I2C bus.

HC-05 BLUETOOTH MODULE:

HC-05 Bluetooth Module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol)module, designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup. ... HC-05 Bluetooth module provides switching mode between master and slave mode which means it able to use neither receiving nor transmitting data.

WHY WE PREFER BLUETOOTH OVER REMOTE:

It is preferable to use bluetooth because now a days people have their smart-phones with them all the time ,since smart phone have bluetooth facility in them,thus it is better to use bluetooth rather than using RF remotes or IRremotes.

ADVANTAGES:

• It is secure

• Easy to use

• It works in short distance range(10mtr)

• Anyone can find free bluetooth app in android and many more

ELECTRIC RELAY SWITCH:

Relays are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Relays control one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another circuit. As relay diagrams show, when a relay contact is normally open (NO), there is an open contact when the relay is not energized.

Relay protects electrical circuits from overload andfaults.

HOW IT WORKS:

Project Module:

• Hardware-Microcontroller,bluetooth module,relay,diver ic
• Software-Android

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

 After making circuit connection as per the fig above compile the arduino program given below in Arduino IDE and upload program to your Arduino Uno using USB B type data cable.  Power up your Arduino using 9v DC adapter. After power up your circuit the lrd on Bluetooth start to blink very fast, it means the Bluetooth device waiting to be pair. Now connect your mobile to HC05 using Bluetooth Controller app. After connecting your mobile to HC05 turn ON and OFF the lights using respective keys.

CODE FOR AUTOMATION:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

const int rxPin = 4;    // defining pin4 as a rx(receiver) pin

const int txPin = 2;    // defining pin2 as a tx(transmitter) pin           

SoftwareSerial mySerial(rxPin  , txPin);

const int Loads[] = {9, 10};

int state = 0;

int flag = 0;

void setup() 

{

   for (int i=0;i<2;i++)

    {

      pinMode(Loads[i], OUTPUT);  

    }

   mySerial.begin(38400);

   for (int i=0;i<2;i++)

    {

      digitalWrite(Loads[i], LOW);

    }

}

void loop() 

{  

    if(mySerial.available() > 0)

    {

      state = mySerial.read();  // Reading Input From "Bluetooth Controller" app

      flag=0;

    }

    

    switch(state)

    {

      case '0':digitalWrite(Loads[0], HIGH);  // turn ON light1 

               flag=1;

               break;

      case '1':digitalWrite(Loads[0], LOW);  // turn OFF light1

               flag=1;

               break;

      case '2':digitalWrite(Loads[1], HIGH);  // turn ON light2

               flag=1;

               break;

      case '3':digitalWrite(Loads[1], LOW);  // turn OFF light2

               flag=1;

               break;

         case '4':digitalWrite(Loads[0], LOW);  // turn OFF light1

               digitalWrite(Loads[1], LOW);  // turn OFF light      

               flag=1;

               break;

     }

}

STEPS :

• Connect Your Arduino to Computer
• Copy paste the Home_auto.ino file or open with the Arduino IDE
• Upload the code to Arduino
• Connect Arduino to 9v battery or computer
• Install the App in your Phone
• run the appliaction
• allow the BT permissions ,
• Type Your BT Module name (Normally HC-05)
• Password = 1234
• pair ok

BLUETOOTH MODULE APP:

Thank you..

Best Renewable energy source (Horixontal Axis Wind Turbine)

INTRODUCTION:

In modern generation, research and development activities in the field of renewable energy, especially wind and solar, have been rapidly increased due to the worldwide energy crisis and high global warming. The horizontal axis wind turbine cannot be used for household purpose. So, Savonious vertical axis wind turbine can be better option as it operate in loading condition also. The choice for this model is to showcase its efficiency in varying wind conditions as compared to the traditional horizontal axis wind turbine and contribute to its steady growing popularity for the purpose of mass utilization in the near future as a reliable source of power generation..

WHAT IS ENLIL VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE:

ENLIL is a smart vertical axis wind turbine project that transforms highways into renewable energy sources by using the dynamics of the city. It also provides comfort and safety to the city and keeps the environment clean. By placing the hybrid vertical axis wind turbine (inclueding a solar panel on top of it) on highways, ‘’Metrobus-lines’’ and other transportation lines as well as high-rise residences , ENLIL will generate energy by using the winds created by the vehicles aswell as the natural winds.For natural wind it depend on its velocity.  It will also measure the city’s temperature, humidity, wind and CO2 by using the the build-in sensors and the IOT platform. 

here an examples of ENLIL  vertical axis wind turbine,

HOW IT WORKS:

• The turbine has in-built sensors and helps generate energy by using the winds created by passing vehicles as well as natural windflow.

• ENLIL turbines are multitasking pieces of technology that utilizes existing infrastructure. They have a built-in IOT platform which measures the temperature, humidity, wind and CO2 levels of the environment where it is placed. 

• It has an earthquake monitoring station as well which will help provide information in advance about any seismic movement that may cause earthquakes, thus we can send advance information security to the peoples of the area. 

• The recording made by ENLIL can help predict weather and provide wireless internet. It can also help check the carbon footprint by keeping track of the CO2 levels in the atmosphere.

• ENLIL is helping build smart cities of the future thanks to its team of talented engineers and environmentalists. ENLIL will soon launch its own mobile app to provide data about the readings recorded by the wind turbine.

ADVANTAGES:

1) Independence on wind direction, no additional

control mechanisms are required.

2) Ability to operate in a wide range of wind conditions.

3) Electrical equipment can be placed at ground level.

4) Low noise emission.

5) High starting torque.

6) Compact size.

7) Simple and cheap construction.

SEISMOGRAPH "EARTHQUAKE DETECTOR USING SMART-PHONE"

Your smartphone can already warn you about . UC Berkeley, however, is going one step further: it wants your phone to help to get those quake. The school has released an Android app, MyShake,(https://myshake.berkeley.edu/) that uses your phone's motion sensors to detect the telltale signs of tremors and combine that with the data from every other user. For all intents and purposes, you become part of a crowdsourced seismic station network -- you can confirm a quake just by leaving your phone turned on. That could be a big help when there aren't enough fixed stations to trigger an alert through conventional apps.MyShake might even give you a heads-up in the future. Once the software is known to be trustworthy, it could send early warnings to nearby areas and even provide a countdown to help you find a safe area in time. And yes, there are plans for an iOS app as well. The system is only as effective as the number of people using it (a handful of testers won't accomplish much), but it could prove to be a life-saving tool if it really catches on.